春季辯題解析：人工智能的當前應用、優勢與危害

 周末即將迎來小滿節氣

隨著初夏正式來臨(lin)

我們(men) 的常規賽季也展開下半場的爭(zheng) 奪

首先，在這裏預祝

所有參與(yu) 明天上海賽的同學們(men)

取得自己理想中的成績！

同時我們(men) 要看到

隨著比賽的深入進行

我們(men) 需要在對AI有更加深入的理解

今天我們(men) 就結合當下熱門的AI發展方向

為(wei) 大家奉上新鮮出爐的辯題解析！

希望可以對大家準備接下來的比賽有所幫助~

Current Applications, 

Benefits, and Harms of AI

 人工智能的當前應用、好處與(yu) 危害 

As AI continues to rapidly advance and permeate various aspects of our lives, it becomes increasingly important to understand the impact of this transformative technology on society. From streamlining industries to creating new ethical dilemmas, AI's multifaceted nature presents a fascinating and sometimes perplexing landscape.

There are many areas of life where AI has large-scale applications.

隨著人工智能繼續快速發展並滲透到我們(men) 生活的各個(ge) 方麵，了解這一變革性技術對社會(hui) 的影響變得越來越重要。從(cong) 精簡產(chan) 業(ye) 到創造新的道德困境，人工智能的多麵性呈現出迷人的、有時令人困惑的景觀。

ChatGPT

 生成式人工智能 

For one, we can talk about ChatGPT. ChatGPT is increasingly popular, and is able to generate responses to deep, nuanced questions within seconds. The introduction of this article, in fact, was written by ChatGPT. The implications of this are immense, as we can now spend less time writing code, being stuck on problems, and many more. Yet, ChatGPT is often wrong, and confidently so. Many things that ChatGPT will claim as fact are blatantly not true, and while ChatGPT will recognize this if you ask it, if you don’t realize the error, you might think that something that is not true, is true.

其一，我們(men) 可以談一談ChatGPT。ChatGPT越來越受歡迎，它能夠在幾秒鍾內(nei) 對深層次的、細微的問題產(chan) 生回應。這篇文章的介紹，實際上是由ChatGPT寫(xie) 的。這樣做的意義(yi) 是巨大的，因為(wei) 我們(men) 現在可以花更少的時間來寫(xie) 代碼，卡在問題上，等等。然而，ChatGPT經常是錯誤的，而且是自信的。很多ChatGPT會(hui) 聲稱是事實的事情，但卻公然不是事實，雖然如果你問ChatGPT會(hui) 認識到這一點，但如果你沒有意識到這個(ge) 錯誤，你可能會(hui) 認為(wei) 不真實的東(dong) 西是真的。

Further, applications like ChatGPT are just limited. For example, asking ChatGPT to draw a circle leads to using letters to try, only to draw a hexagon. In this case, the point is not, “ChatGPT sucks and AI is not there yet.”; rather, it’s, “ChatGPT has very specific use cases, and other AI can do the other tasks, such as drawing a circle.” 

Note three things here. One, the amount of chatbots is extremely diverse, such as many which generate photos given a prompt, or stories, or poetry, and are extremely good at what they do. Two, this is the definition of specialized AI – i.e., we do not yet have a general artificial intelligence. And three, in order to know how to use AI and leverage its benefits, we need to know which AI to use and when, a skill that will become increasingly useful over the next few years.

此外，像ChatGPT這樣的應用程序隻是有限的。例如，要求ChatGPT畫一個(ge) 圓，導致使用字母來嚐試，隻能畫一個(ge) 六邊形。在這種情況下，重點不是，"ChatGPT很爛，人工智能還沒到那一步。"；而是，"ChatGPT有非常具體(ti) 的用例，其他人工智能可以做其他任務，比如畫圓。"

這裏需要注意三點。一，聊天機器人的數量是非常多樣化的，比如很多人在給定提示後生成照片，或故事，或詩歌，並且非常擅長他們(men) 的工作。二，這是專(zhuan) 門的人工智能的定義(yi) --也就是說，我們(men) 還沒有通用的人工智能。第三，為(wei) 了知道如何使用人工智能並利用其好處，我們(men) 需要知道使用哪種人工智能以及何時使用，這種技能在未來幾年將變得越來越有用。

Healthcare

 醫療與(yu) 保健 

Another interesting application is in the field of healthcare, where AI is revolutionizing diagnostics, drug discovery, and personalized medicine. Advanced algorithms are now capable of analyzing medical imaging data with impressive accuracy, aiding physicians in detecting diseases like cancer and various neurological disorders at earlier stages. Moreover, AI-driven platforms are accelerating the drug discovery process, identifying promising compounds and even designing novel molecules for clinical trials, significantly reducing the time and cost associated with traditional research methods. This paragraph was, in fact, written by ChatGPT. If I had not told you, would you have known?

Let’s talk a little bit about healthcare, and AI specifically. Healthcare is vital, literally. Without it, millions of people would be vulnerable to dying. The healthcare system is able to save their lives with the use of various technologies. There are three specific applications of AI here that are especially interesting.

另一個(ge) 有趣的應用是在醫療保健領域，人工智能正在徹底改變診斷方法、藥物發現和個(ge) 性化醫療。先進的算法現在能夠以令人印象深刻的準確性分析醫學成像數據，幫助醫生在早期階段檢測出癌症和各種神經係統疾病等疾病。此外，人工智能驅動的平台正在加速藥物發現過程，識別有前途的化合物，甚至設計用於(yu) 臨(lin) 床試驗的新型分子，大大減少了與(yu) 傳(chuan) 統研究方法相關(guan) 的時間和成本。這段話，其實是由ChatGPT寫(xie) 的。如果我不告訴你，你會(hui) 知道嗎？

讓我們(men) 來談一談醫療保健，特別是人工智能。醫療保健是至關(guan) 重要的，從(cong) 字麵上看。沒有它，數以百萬(wan) 計的人將容易死亡。醫療保健係統能夠通過使用各種技術來拯救他們(men) 的生命。這裏有三個(ge) 人工智能的具體(ti) 應用，特別有趣。

First, MRIs. MRI machines require a person to go through a huge metal tube, and when they come out, doctors basically have a 3D view of their body. This was huge when invented, and even huger now that AI is becoming widespread. Why? Because doctors are human and make mistakes. They often do not recognize certain patterns in MRI scans as “bad” or “dangerous” or “terminal cancer”. An AI might be able to.

Two, EHRs (electronic health records). EHRs store patient data, well, electronically as the name implies. By having the health record of patients, an AI might be able to look at certain patients and say, “this person is at risk of cancer” or something along those lines. While a doctor could also do this, the AI can do so much faster.

And three, telemedicine and remote monitoring. With the advent of AI and advanced sensor technology, healthcare professionals can now monitor patients' vital signs, chronic conditions, and overall well-being from a distance. This enables the timely identification of potential health risks, prompt intervention, and personalized care management. AI-powered telemedicine platforms can also facilitate virtual consultations, enabling healthcare providers to offer expert advice to patients in remote areas or those with limited access to specialists.

首先，核磁共振成像。核磁共振儀(yi) 需要一個(ge) 人通過一個(ge) 巨大的金屬管，當他們(men) 出來時，醫生基本上可以看到他們(men) 身體(ti) 的三維視圖。這在發明的時候是非常大的，現在人工智能變得廣泛，就更大了。為(wei) 什麽(me) 呢？因為(wei) 醫生是人，會(hui) 犯錯誤。他們(men) 往往不能將核磁共振掃描中的某些模式識別為(wei) "壞 "或 "危險 "或 "癌症晚期"。人工智能也許能做到。

二，EHRs（電子健康記錄）。EHRs存儲(chu) 病人數據，嗯，顧名思義(yi) ，是電子化的。通過擁有病人的健康記錄，人工智能可能會(hui) 看一下某些病人，然後說，"這個(ge) 人有患癌症的風險 "或類似的東(dong) 西。雖然醫生也可以做到這一點，但人工智能可以做得更快。

還有三，遠程醫療和遠程監控。隨著人工智能和先進傳(chuan) 感器技術的出現，醫療保健專(zhuan) 業(ye) 人員現在可以從(cong) 遠處監測病人的生命體(ti) 征、慢性病和整體(ti) 健康狀況。這使得及時發現潛在的健康風險，及時幹預，並進行個(ge) 性化的護理管理。由人工智能驅動的遠程醫療平台還可以促進虛擬谘詢，使醫療服務提供者能夠為(wei) 偏遠地區的患者或那些與(yu) 專(zhuan) 家接觸有限的患者提供專(zhuan) 家建議。

Obviously, the AI might be wrong in any of these aspects, which is why doctors still exist. Doctors are needed to intervene if something goes wrong. While AI can make doctors more efficient, this is absolutely not an excuse to only use AI in healthcare. Doctors are still critical.

 Three Takeaways about AI

  關(guan) 於(yu) AI的三點啟示 

These are just two applications of AI. What can we take away? Three takeaways stand out.

One, AI will make mistakes, OFTEN. When asking ChatGPT certain questions, it might get half right, and the other half wrong. This is something that as humans we have to be wary of.

Two, AI can make our lives more efficient. Through healthcare or ChatGPT or any of the other applications, AI can do things in seconds that we might need hours or days to do. This speeds up our lives while not doing major harm.

Three, AI can help make decisions, but not force them to be made a certain way. Specifically, AI can give recommendations based on what it thinks is true, but won’t force things to be done in certain ways, at least not for now.

第一，人工智能會(hui) 犯錯，經常會(hui) 犯錯。當問ChatGPT某些問題時，它可能會(hui) 答對一半，而另一半是錯的。這是作為(wei) 人類必須警惕的事情。

二，人工智能可以使我們(men) 的生活更有效率。通過醫療保健或ChatGPT或任何其他應用，人工智能可以在幾秒鍾內(nei) 完成我們(men) 可能需要幾小時或幾天才能完成的事情。這加快了我們(men) 的生活，同時不會(hui) 造成重大傷(shang) 害。

三，人工智能可以幫助做決(jue) 定，但不會(hui) 強迫他們(men) 以某種方式做決(jue) 定。具體(ti) 來說，人工智能可以根據它認為(wei) 的真實情況給出建議，但不會(hui) 強迫事情以某種方式進行，至少現在不會(hui) 。

If you have read Isaac Asimov’s I, Robot, there were three laws of robotics, one of which is, a robot ought never to hurt a human. While certainly a prediction, as AI advances, we might get similar laws regulating what AI can and cannot do, especially because it is very obviously influencing the things we do, despite its novelty.

I, ROBOT

Isaac Asimov

The stories centre on problems that arise from the ethical programmingsummed up in Asimov’s famed Three Laws of Robotics:

1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
   
2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First and Second Laws.