上一篇文章普及了托福閱讀的8種題型,但在2025年的閱讀題中,出現比較普遍的題型融合的情況,尤其是在細節題中混入推斷思維過程,使得題目難度增加。
例題A
以2025年第一套題第四題為(wei) 例,問題中的EXCEPT指明這套題目是細節否定題,屬於(yu) 4種基礎題型。然而,A選項: lack of popuation,在原文中的意思表達是以推斷(infer)的形式出現。
Demand was low, since shipbuilding was pointless when commerce was virtually nonexistent, andlarge structures are more usually built when population is increasingand cities are growing.
原文的邏輯關(guan) 係可以表達為(wei) 條件——現象
條件:population increase
現象:large structures are built
然後題目問的並不是鼓勵因素而是限製因素,所以思維過程中要多做一步推斷,
條件:no population growth
現象:no demand for buiilding
這樣才能對應到A選項的lack of population 和問題中的limit。因為(wei) 多了一部邏輯推斷,原文的文本證據藏得比較深,這道題目很多同學就容易做錯。例題B同樣這篇閱讀的第八題,看似是一道細節題,但文本證據也混合了推斷思維過程。
這道題目要求比較 pollarded trees 和 coppiced trees,問 pollarded trees 的優(you) 勢。答案是 They (Pollarded trees) are not damaged by grazing animals.
Pollarding works on the same principle as coppicing, but trees that are pollarded are cut backto a main trunk rather than to the ground. Where wild or domesticanimals graze forests,the new branches that grow from coppiced treesat ground levelare likely to be eaten.
但同樣,文本證據中沒有直接對應的表達,是通過反過來講 coppiced trees,邏輯關(guan) 係可以表達為(wei) 因果關(guan) 係:
cause:coppicedtrees grow on the ground
effect:coppicedtrees are eaten by grazing animals
根據這一組因果邏輯關(guan) 係,結合黃色部分的表達,可以反推出pollarded trees的因果關(guan) 係。
cause:pollardedtrees DO NOT grow on the ground
effect:pollardedtrees DO NOT eaten by grazing animals
這組因果關(guan) 係也就能對應到D選項。回顧根據這兩(liang) 道出自同一篇閱讀的例題可以看出,混合了推斷思維的基礎題難度並不小。恰好有些同學這兩(liang) 道題目都做錯了,拉低了閱讀部分的整體(ti) 表現。因此,托福閱讀練習(xi) 的時候要做到真正的讀懂,不能似懂非懂欺騙自己,走入可怕的平台期。
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