SAT機考閱讀方法分享:focus

首次SAT機考將在3月份舉(ju) 行。本文是SAT機考閱讀方法分享,希望助考生一臂之力。

閱讀方法即focus,怎麽(me) 理解呢?就是讀段落(以下或稱“文本”)過程中,或者讀完段落後,我們(men) 要做一件事:關(guan) 注並提煉重要信息。有時這個(ge) 重要信息,就是劃線部分前麵那句話,如圖表題(command of evidence:quantitative)和加quotation的題目;有時是句中的連接詞(transitions),如text structure and purpose題目和詞匯填空題;有時位置不固定,需要考生自己去尋找,比如文本證據題(textual evidence),重要信息有可能就在實驗者提出hypothesis的地方。

下麵我們(men) 看具體(ti) 實例。

I. focus劃線部分前麵的信息

實例1:圖表題(command of evidence:quantitative)

SAT機考閱讀方法分享:focus

SAT機考閱讀方法分享:focus

文本的重點信息就是劃線前麵的句子,即:In fact, so many films and associated records for the era have been lost that counts of those four figures' output should be taken as bare minimums rather than totals; it's entirely possible.

其重點的重點又是have been lost,和bare minimums rather than totals。中文即為(wei) “現有記錄不全”,或者說“現有記錄總數少於(yu) 真實數字”。如果結合文本語境,就是:這些藝術家導演、編劇或出演作品的真實數據多於(yu) 圖表中的數字。

下麵是題目和選項:

SAT機考閱讀方法分享:focus

所以哪一個(ge) 選項說明圖中“現有記錄總數少於(yu) 真實數字”,哪一個(ge) 選項即為(wei) 正確。

答案是C。

實例2:加quotation的題目1(文本證據題)

“Ghosts of the Old Year” is an early 1900s poems by James Weldon Johnson. In the poem, the speaker describes experiencing an ongoing cycle of anticipation followed by regretful reflection:________.

Which quotation from “Ghosts of the Old Year”  most effectively illustrates the claim?

Choose 1 answer:

A  the snow has ceased its fluttering flight/the wind sunk to a whisper light/an ominous stillness fill the night/a pause---a hush

B  and so the years go swiftly by/each, coming, brings ambitions high/and each, departing, leaves a sigh/linked to the past

C  what does this brazen tongue declare/that falling on the midnight air/brings to my heart a sense of care/ akin to fright

D  it tells of many a squandered day/of slighted gems and reassured clay/of precious stores not laid away/of fields unreaped

同樣,文本的重要信息是劃線前麵的內(nei) 容,即:In the poem, the speaker describes experiencing an ongoing cycle of anticipation followed by regretful reflection. 其中,重點信息中的重點是ongoing cycle of anticipation 和followed by regretful reflection。中文即為(wei) “周而複始的期盼和遺憾”。

選項A,C,D的動作沒有形成一個(ge) 閉環cycle,盡管部分選項也涉及reflection的內(nei) 容,但依然錯誤。選項B不僅(jin) 內(nei) 容涉及cycle,同時,也有關(guan) 鍵信息anticipation的對等詞ambitions和followed by regretful reflection的對等信息leaves a sigh。

因此,答案是B。

實例3:加quotation的題目2(文本證據題)

SAT機考閱讀方法分享:focus

文本閱讀應該focus的地方是ability to persuade others of the rightness of her artistic judgments,其中可以提煉的重點信息是persuade。

A,C和D都和關(guan) 鍵信息persuade無關(guan) 。D選項雖然談到question,但和persuade僅(jin) 僅(jin) 是loosely related,並未真正涉及persuade,依然不對。

答案是B。雖然前麵內(nei) 容陳述喜好的相似性,但是後麵談到分歧出現時,迅速會(hui) 因為(wei) M的“force of arguments”(等同於(yu) 她persuasion的能力)而觀點趨同。

II. focus連接詞  

實例1:結構和目的題(text structure and purpose)

The following text is from charlotte Perkins Gilman’s 1910 poem “The Earth’s Entail”.

No matter how we cultivate the land,Taming the forest and the prairie free;

No matter how we irrigate the sand,Making the desert blossom at command,We must always leave the borders of the sea;The immeasureable reachesOf the windy wave-wet beaches,The million-mile-long margin of the sea.

SAT機考閱讀方法分享:focus

本首詩中,由於(yu) no matter的出現,可知詩歌的重點不是人類可以控製陸地(land,forest),而是人類無法控製大海(sea)。

理解了這一點,答案就顯而易見。正確答案是B。

實例2:詞匯題(words in context)

SAT機考閱讀方法分享:focus

SAT機考閱讀方法分享:focus

這段內(nei) 容需要我們(men) focus的是although,從(cong) 句內(nei) 容陳述評論者認為(wei) 消費者不願意自己在農(nong) 場裏采摘,因此空格後麵應該陳述Whatley所做的行為(wei) 相反,就是W並不認同評論者的看法,結合主句本身的didn't,答案是B,hinder。

III. focus位置不固定,關(guan) 注表示hypothesisi,claim等地方

實例:證據題

Jan Gimsa, Robert Sleigh, and Ulrike Gimsa have hypothesized that the sail-like structure running down the back of the dinosaur Spinosaurus aegyptiacus improved the animal's success in underwater pursuits of prey species capable of making quick, evasive movements. To evaluate their hypothesis, a second team of researchers constructed two battery-powered mechanical models of S. aegyptiacus, one with a sail and one without, and subjected the models to a series of identical tests in a water-filled tank.

Which finding from the model tests, if true, would most strongly support Gimsa and colleagues' hypothesis?

A. The model with a sail took significantly longer to travel a specified distance while submerged than the model without a sail did.

B. The model with a sail displaced significantly more water while submerged than the model without a sail did.

C. The model with a sail had significantly less battery power remaining after completing the tests than the model without a sail did.

D. The model with a sail took significantly less time to complete a sharp turn while submerged than the model without a sail did.

因為(wei) 題目是要求支持G和同事的hypothesis,所以本段文字閱讀時應該focus的地方是hypothesized後麵內(nei) 容,即為(wei) 筆者劃線部分。同時,劃線部分需要提煉的重點信息是紅字體(ti) 內(nei) 容:quick,evasive movements。劃線部分中文意思是由於(yu) 這類恐龍背部為(wei) “帆”形構造,所以海下捕捉獵物時可以做出快速擺脫動作。

D強調遊動的敏捷(make a sharp turn),與(yu) 原文重要信息關(guan) 聯,所以正確答案是D。

如果掌握閱讀focus的方法,在閱讀文章時,能快速提煉到段落關(guan) 鍵信息,不僅(jin) 可以提高我們(men) 的閱讀速度,閱讀質量,而且對解題正確率的提升會(hui) 有非常大的幫助。但是,要提醒考生一點:提煉關(guan) 鍵信息並不等同於(yu) 其他地方完全忽略不讀。關(guan) 鍵信息的精準理解也是建立在全文本閱讀的理解基礎之上。

【競賽報名/項目谘詢+微信:mollywei007】

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