CAIE考試局2022-2024新版考綱中AS物理新增和刪減了哪些知識點？

CAIE考試局官網發布了新的考試大綱，適用於(yu) 2022—2024年的考試，也就是說想要參加明年夏季考試的學生就需要參照新版考試大綱學習(xi) 了。

那麽(me) 新的考綱有哪些改動呢？對考生有哪些影響呢？今天就為(wei) 各位同學解讀一下2022—2025新考綱A-Level物理AS部分的一些改動：

新增的知識點

Increase

Density and pressure密度與(yu) 壓強

calculate the upthrust acting on an object in a fluid using the equation F = ρgV (Archimedes’ principle)

在密度和壓強 Density and pressure部分，新增加了Upthrust計算公式，這裏需要進一步理解到upthrust=ρgV=weight of fluid displaced，也就是等於(yu) 排開液體(ti) 的重力。

Stress and strain應力和應變

understand and use the terms load, extension, compression and limit of proportionality

除了舊大綱要求的elastic limit（彈性極限）之外，新大綱明確要求掌握limit of proportionality（比例極限）。

Electromagnetic spectrum電磁波

recall that wavelengths in the range 400–700 nm in free space are visible to the human eye.

電磁波這部分雖然我們(men) 在往常學習(xi) 的時候要求掌握各個(ge) 波段wavelength的大致範圍，新大綱明確了人眼能看到的可見光波段：400-700nm。

Polarisation波的偏振現象

1.understand that polarisation is a phenomenon associated with transverse waves

2. recall and use Malus’s law (I = I0 cos2θ ) to calculate the intensity of a plane polarised electromagnetic wave after transmission through a polarising filter or a series of polarising filters

waves波這一部分新增加了polarisation，波的偏振，以往的劍橋考試局ALevel部分對polarisation不做要求。其他的考試局像Edexcel是要考察偏振的。這部分內(nei) 容的增加，讓學生從(cong) 更多的方麵來理解光波。

Resistance and resistivity電阻率

explain that the resistance of a filament lamp increases as current increases because its temperature increases

understand that the resistance of a thermistor decreases as the temperature increases (it will be assumed that thermistors have a negative temperature coefficient)

電學部分，以往對filament lamp和thermistor電阻隨溫度的變化是需要掌握的，能夠運用resitance和溫度的變化趨勢來解釋某個(ge) 電路中power、resistance等等變化。不過並沒有在大綱裏明確寫(xie) 明這兩(liang) 條要求。

understand that the resistance of a light-dependent resistor (LDR) decreases as the light intensity increases

新增加了光敏電阻LDR的resistance隨光照強度的變化規律。

Potential dividers分貝器

understand the use of a galvanometer in null methods

explain the use of thermistors and light-dependent resistors in potential dividers to provide a potential difference that is dependent on temperature and light intensity

早年一點的曆年題有關(guan) 於(yu) a galvanometer in null methods的計算題和選擇題，在新大綱中新明確了對這個(ge) 點的掌握要求。

熱敏和光敏電阻要求掌握在potential divider中的應用，這很明顯是簡答題的考察。

Atoms, nuclei and radiation原子、核和輻射

understand that α-particles have discrete energies but that β-particles have a continuous range of energies because (anti)neutrinos are emitted in β-decay

represent α- and β-decay by a radioactive decay equation of the form

use the unified atomic mass unit (u) as a unit of mass

Particle這部分要求掌握alpha particle所具有的能量是不連續的，而β粒子的能量是連續的。關(guan) 於(yu) 11和12兩(liang) 條內(nei) 容授課均有講述，這次在新大綱中做了明確的要求。

Fundamental particles基本粒子

recall and use the charge of each flavour of quark and understand that its respective antiquark has the opposite charge (no knowledge of any other properties of quarks is required)

understand that a hadron may be either a baryon (consisting of three quarks) or a meson (consisting of one quark and one antiquark)

基本粒子部分新增了meson；需掌握hadron可以是baryon，也可以是meson，meson是由一個(ge) quark和一個(ge) antiquark組成的。既可以是定義(yi) 題，也可以是簡答和計算。

刪除的知識點

Delete

Electric fields電場

Concept of an electric field

a) understand the concept of an electric field as an example of a field of force and define electric field strength as force per unit positive charge acting on a stationary point charge

b) represent an electric field by means of field lines

Uniform electric fields

a) recall and use E=ΔV/Δd to calculate the field strength of the uniform field between charged parallel plates in terms of potential difference and separation

b) calculate the forces on charges in uniform electric fields

c) describe the effect of a uniform electric field on the motion of charged particles

AS物理之前有對Electric field的要求，由於(yu) A2還會(hui) 繼續深入講解關(guan) 於(yu) 電場的內(nei) 容，可能是由此考慮，2022新大綱將電場部分的內(nei) 容移動到A2部分學習(xi) 。